At the end of March 2004, there were 215 national nature reserves in England covering a total area of 879 km2 (339 square miles). Reserves are scattered throughout England, from Lindisfarne in Northumberland to The Lizard in Cornwall. Almost every rural county has at least one. Many national nature reserves contain nationally significant populations of rare flowers, ferns and mosses, butterflies and other insects, as well as nesting and wintering birds. Examples include unique alpine plants in Upper Teesdale and the snakehead frettaria field in North Meadow, Cricklade, Wiltshire. Although most public lands are heavily protected for nature conservation, the term nature reserve is explicitly defined in the Reserves Act as a reserve that prioritizes the protection of rare flora and fauna as long as public access is granted only with permission. Some of these reserves include ecological islands, a relatively new concept of wildlife conservation developed in New Zealand to replenish populations of near-extinct birds and other species critically threatened by introduced predators. Denmark has three national parks and several nature reserves, some of which are located within national park areas. The largest reserve is the Hanstholm Nature Reserve, which covers 40 km2 (9,900 acres) and is part of Thy National Park. There are 30 nature reserves in Egypt covering 12% of Egypt`s land. These nature reserves were established under Laws No. 102/1983 and No.

4/1994 for the protection of the Egyptian Nature Reserve. Egypt announced a plan to build 40 nature reserves from 1997 to 2017 to protect the natural resources, culture and history of these areas. Egypt`s largest nature reserve is Gebel Elba (35,600 square kilometers (13,700 square miles)) to the southeast on the Red Sea coast. India`s 18 biospheres cover a total of 85,940 km2 (33,180 sq mi) and protect areas larger than typical national parks in other countries. India`s first national reserve was established in 1986. The recordings were taken around 11 p.m. somewhere in the highlands of a nature reserve in Costa Rica. A nature reserve (also known as a nature reserve, wildlife reserve, biosphere reserve or biosphere reserve, nature or nature reserve) is a protected area of importance for flora, fauna or geological features or other special interests that is reserved and managed for conservation purposes and provides special opportunities for study or research. They may be nominated by government institutions in some countries or by private landowners such as charities and research institutes.

Nature reserves belong to different IUCN categories, depending on the level of protection provided by local laws. Normally, it is more strictly protected than a natural park. Different jurisdictions may use other terms such as ecological protected area or private protected area in legislation and in official reserve titles. Iran`s biosphere reserves have a total area of 1.64 million km2. The “reserves” are home to more than 8,000 recorded plant species (nearly 2,421 are endemic), 502 species of birds, 164 species of mammals, 209 species of reptiles and 375 species of butterflies. [22] Founded in 1914, the Swiss National Park was one of the first national parks in Europe. In addition to the Swiss National Park, there are also sixteen regional nature parks in Switzerland. [21] Israel`s national parks are designated as historic sites or nature reserves, largely operated and maintained by the National Nature and Parks Authority. As of 2019, Israel maintained more than 490 nature reserves that protect 2,500 species of native wild plants, 20 species of fish, 530 species of birds and 70 species of mammals. In total, they cover 6,400 km2 (2,500 square miles) of nature reserves, or about 28% of the country`s land area. In 1984, the two areas with the highest number of nature reserves were the south (15.2%) and Samaria (the shomron, 13.5%).

[23] In Nicaragua, the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (MARENA) is responsible for environmental protection and the study, planning, and management of Nicaragua`s natural resources. Almost one-fifth of the territory is designated as protected areas such as national parks, nature reserves (including the Bosawás Biosphere Reserve) and biological reserves. Nicaragua has 78 protected areas covering 22,422 km2 (8,657 sq mi), or about 17.3% of the country`s land mass. There are private nature reserves whose lands are excluded from private land trusts and maintained at the exclusive expense of the owner. For example, O Parks, Wildlife and Recreation, or El_Ostional private wildlife preserve in the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor, was founded by Kevin Michael Shea, a retired FDNY firefighter, who purchased 46 acres (0.19 km2) of land to restore the ecosystem of an arid rainforest devastated during the Nicaraguan Revolution. The park offers a private nature reserve, a wildlife corridor and verified carbon credits. [25] Under the Nature Conservation Act, sites can be designated as “wilderness areas,” “nature reserves,” and “prefectural areas.” When the Japanese government published its information in English in 1995, there were 5 wilderness areas, 10 nature reserves, and 516 prefectural nature reserves. [24] In Ukraine, there are 4 biosphere reserves (two of which date from 1927 and 1874) and 17 nature reserves covering 160,000 ha (400,000 acres). Ukraine manages 40 national parks, 2632 habitat management areas, 3025 natural monuments and 1430 other nature reserves.

A distinction is made between national nature reserves (RNN), nature reserves of the territorial collectivity of Corsica (RNC) and regional nature reserves (RNR). Its management is entrusted to nature protection associations, including nature reserves, public institutions (national parks, national forestry commission) and local authorities (municipalities, associations of municipalities, mixed associations, etc.). A management plan, developed for 5 years by the body responsible for managing the reserve, defines the objectives and means to be deployed on the ground to maintain or restore the relevant environments. South Africa is known for its many nature reserves. The oldest nature reserve in the country (and the oldest nature reserve in the world) is Groenkloof Nature Reserve, established in 1892 in the capital Pretoria in the former Republic of South Africa and the current Republic of South Africa. The country has many national parks, but the most famous is the Kruger National Park, announced in 1898 and the largest with nearly 2,000,000 ha (20,000 km2). Kruger Park and Table Mountain National Park are two of South Africa`s most visited tourist attractions. South Africa also has a number of World Heritage Sites and Provincial Reserves, including Shamwari, Londolozi, Sanbona and Lalibela. The country currently has 20 national parks covering an area of 3,700,000 ha (37,000 km2), or about 3% of South Africa`s total area. Hungary has 10 national parks, more than 15 nature reserves and more than 250 protected areas. Hortobágy National Park is the largest contiguous natural grassland in Europe and the oldest national park in Hungary. It is located in the eastern part of Hungary, in the Alföld Plain.

It was founded in 1972. There are alkaline meadows punctuated by swamps. They are of considerable importance because there are fish ponds. One of the most spectacular sites in the park is the fall migration of cranes. Hortobágy National Park is home to famous Hungarian animal species, such as grey cattle, Racka long-wool sheep living only in Hungary, Hungarian horses and buffaloes. Hortobágy National Park has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1 December 1999. In Canada, UNESCO has recognized 18 nature reserves, primarily along the Niagara Escarpment and St. Lawrence River in Ontario. The world`s first modern nature reserve was established in 1821 by naturalist and explorer Charles Waterton around his Walton Hall estate in West Yorkshire.[13] He spent £9,000 to build a three-mile-long, 9-foot-high wall to surround his park against poachers. He tried to promote birds by planting trees and digging trunks where owls could nest.[3] A nature reserve is a part of the territory where the conservation of fauna, flora, soil, water, mineral and fossil deposits and, in general, the natural environment is of particular importance. No artificial intervention likely to degrade such an area should be allowed. Nature reserve, an area intended for the conservation of certain animals, plants, or both.

A nature reserve generally differs from a national park in that it is smaller and has the sole purpose of protecting nature. In Brazil, nature reserves are classified by the National System of Nature Conservation Units as ecological stations (Portuguese: estações ecológicas) or biological reserves (Portuguese: reservas biológicas). Its main objectives are the conservation of fauna and flora and other natural features, excluding direct human intervention. Visits are only allowed with permission and only for educational or scientific purposes. Changes in the ecosystems of both types of reserves can restore and maintain natural balance, biodiversity and natural ecological processes. [10] Ecostations may also modify the environment within strictly defined limits (e.g. not more than three percent of the area or 1,500 hectares (3,700 acres), whichever is less) for scientific research purposes. [11] A hunting reserve in Brazil is also protected, and hunting is not allowed, but research products and by-products can be sold. [10] Drachenfels (Siebengebirge) was the first state-designated nature reserve in present-day Germany to be protected; The site was purchased by the Prussian state in 1836 to protect it from new quarries.